Anundshög: الكشف عن أكبر تل دفن في السويد
مقدمة إلى أنوندشوغ
Anundshög, located near Västerås in Västmanland, stands as the largest tumulus in السويد. With a diameter of 60 meters and a height of approximately 9 meters, this monumental mound has captivated historians, archaeologists, and visitors alike. The origins of Anundshög have been debated, with assessments placing its construction between the Bronze Age and the late Iron Age. ويشير التأريخ بالكربون المشع للمدفأة الموجودة أسفل التل إلى أنها بنيت في وقت ما بين عامي 210 و540 ميلادية.
احصل على جرعتك من التاريخ عبر البريد الإلكتروني
السياق التاريخي والتكهنات
The association of Anundshög with the legendary King Anund remains speculative among historians. The site’s name is believed to derive from a large runestone (Vs 13), which is part of a row of 15 stones alongside the mound. This runestone, re-erected in the 1960s, is thought to mark the route of the Eriksgata, an ancient road used by the kings of Svearike. The inscription on the runestone, attributed to Folkvid in memory of his son Heden and Anund’s brother, adds a layer of mystery to the site’s historical significance.
السمات والنتائج الأثرية
Adjacent to Anundshög are two large stone ships, placed end to end, measuring 51 and 54 meters in length. These ship settings, along with the mound, form a unique monument that underscores the site’s importance as a thing-place, a gathering area for legal assemblies. The surrounding area boasts a rich burial field with additional mounds, ship settings, and a variety of ancient relics, indicating Anundshög’s long-standing role as a hub for communication and ceremonial activities.
الحفريات والاكتشافات
كشف التحقيق الأثري الأول في Anundshög في عام 1998 أن التل تم تشييده على آثار قديمة لمناطق النشاط أو المساكن. من خلال تأريخ الفحم الموجود في الموقد في الموقع، خلص الباحثون إلى أن أنوندشوغ تم بناؤه بعد حوالي عام 500 بعد الميلاد وقبل عام 1050 بعد الميلاد. يتكون هيكل التل من قاعدة طينية مغطاة بحجر ركام من حجارة ثم العشب والتربة، يشير إلى عملية بناء معقدة يشارك فيها العديد من المشاركين.
حقل القبر في Badelundaåsen
The Badelunda area, encompassing Anundshög, is home to a vast number of Iron Age graves. Approximately 500 visible graves are located on the ridge between the church and the E18 highway, with potentially 2000 more graves hidden underground. This extensive grave field, including Anundshög and eleven other burial mounds, points to the area’s significance over generations for a prominent family or community.
الممارسات الاحتفالية وعادات الدفن
The burial mounds and stone settings at Anundshög and the surrounding area provide insights into the ceremonial practices and burial customs of the time. Fire pits found within these formations suggest that the deceased were prepared for the afterlife through various ceremonies, including the burning of the corpse along with grave goods. In some cases, the deceased’s boat was also burned, indicating the high status of the individual.
وفي الختام
Anundshög stands as a testament to Sweden’s rich historical and cultural heritage. Its size, archaeological features, and the mysteries surrounding its origins continue to fascinate and inspire further research. As part of a larger burial ground, Anundshög not only reflects the burial customs and ceremonial practices of its time but also serves as a reminder of the complex social and political structures that once governed the lives of those who built and used this monumental site.
Neural Pathways عبارة عن مجموعة من الخبراء والباحثين المتمرسين الذين لديهم شغف عميق لكشف ألغاز التاريخ القديم والتحف. بفضل ثروة من الخبرة المجمعة الممتدة على مدى عقود، أثبتت شركة Neural Pathways نفسها كصوت رائد في مجال الاستكشاف والتفسير الأثري.