مستوطنة شنجافيت

الاسم الاول*

الكنية*

البريد الإلكتروني*

لمحة عامة عن مستوطنة شنجافيت

The Shengavit Settlement is an archaeological site located in Yerevan, أرمينيا, that dates back to the Kura-Araxes culture during the Early العصر البرونزي، في المقام الأول بين الألفية الرابعة والثالثة قبل الميلاد. يقدم هذا الموقع التاريخي المهم دليلاً ملموسًا على التقدم الثقافي والمجتمعي في ذلك الوقت، ويقدم نظرة ثاقبة لحياة شعوب المنطقة وتطورها.

دلالة تاريخية

Archeological excavations at Shengavit have revealed a myriad of artifacts and structural remains that paint a detailed picture of the ancient settlement’s society. The Kura-Araxes culture, to which the Shengavit Settlement is attributed, is known for a distinctive red-black ceramic ware, which is a hallmark find at the site. The settlement layout includes round and rectangular dwellings, workshops, and sophisticated irrigation and metallurgy systems, indicating an advanced societal structure.

The discovery and study of Shengavit have been crucial in understanding the Bronze Age cultures of the جنوب القوقاز and their relationship with neighboring regions. This provides archaeologists and historians with a more comprehensive view of the trade, cultural exchange, and influence of the Kura-Araxes peoples.

الاكتشافات الأثرية

Initially excavated between 1936 and 1938 under the guidance of the archaeologist Yevgeny Bayburdyan, Shengavit has undergone a series of excavations throughout the 20th century and into the 21st. Various periods of activity, sometimes with large gaps between, have included work in the 1950s, led by Koriun Meghretsyan, and in the 2000s, led by Hakob Simonyan, together with an American-Armenian archeological team.

The site has yielded monumental findings that consist of large numbers of early Bronze Age artifacts, including stone tools, metal objects, bones of domesticated and wild animals, wheat and barley remains, four charred kilns, and a plethora of pottery fragments. These artifacts help illustrate a comprehensive understanding of the everyday life, economy, and crafts of the Shengavit inhabitants.

التسلسل الزمني والطبقات الثقافية

Shengavit serves as a veritable palimpsest of the Kura-Araxes culture, with at least four chronological phases identified within the Early Bronze Age, which correspond to a sequence of cultural layers at the site. Cultural deposits have revealed a consistent occupation sequence, without any significant stratigraphic breaks, from the 4th millennium to the beginning of the الألفية الثالثة قبل الميلاد. This uninterrupted occupation sequence offers researchers a unique window into the diachronic changes and continuities within a single Bronze Age culture.

التنمية الثقافية والحضرية

The site’s complex architectural design includes both circular and rectilinear buildings that suggest a high level of urban development and organization. Shengavit’s large area and its urban planning features point to the settlement acting as a regional hub or central settlement of the Early Bronze Age period. The archaeological evidence of metallurgical activity, in particular, suggests that Shengavit was possibly a center for the production and trade of metals, which would have been a significant economic resource at the time.

جهود التنقيب والمحافظة على الآثار

وتعرضت إدارة موقع شنجافيت لمشاكل مختلفة تتعلق بالحفاظ على البقايا ودراستها. على مر السنين، كانت هناك تقارير عن الإهمال وعدم كفاية تخزين القطع الأثرية، مما أدى إلى مخاوف بشأن الحفاظ على الموقع على المدى الطويل والمعلومات التاريخية التي لا تقدر بثمن التي يحملها. تستمر المنظمات المختلفة في بذل الجهود المستمرة لضمان حماية القطع الأثرية وترميمها ومعالجتها بشكل سليم.

Despite the challenges faced, the Shengavit Settlement remains a crucially important موقع أثري that continues to contribute to the global understanding of Early Bronze Age societies. The settlement provides essential clues to the cultural evolution of the ancient civilizations in the South Caucasus and their interactions within the broader Near Eastern context.

في الخلاصة

تقف مستوطنة شنجافيت بمثابة شهادة على الهياكل المجتمعية المتقدمة الموجودة في العصر البرونزي المبكر. من خلال العمل الأثري المستمر والحفاظ عليه، يعد هذا الموقع التاريخي القيم بمثابة رابط مهم لثقافة كورا-أراكسيس ويوفر كنزًا من المعلومات للمؤرخين وعلماء الآثار على حدٍ سواء.

مصادر:

ويكيبيديا